MUAJ-EMJ 2nd International Conference on Asian Studies Proceeding ICAS'2025

Dr. Abeer Fouzan Aref Al-Abbadi¹, Dr. Ahmad Hamed Al Manasir², Dr. Nedal Khaled Ahmad Almaaitah³, Dr. Ehab Mohammad Injadat⁴

 ¹Associate Professor, The World Islamic Science and Education University, College of Finance and Business, Department of Banking and Finance, Jordan

²PhD Accounting, Financial Manager, Barzan Technology Solution (DIG), Jordan

³Lecturer (Part-time), The World Islamic Science and Education University, College of Finance and Business, Department of Banking and Finance, Jordan

⁴ Assistant Professor, The World Islamic Science and Education University, College of Finance and Business, Department of Banking and Finance, Jordan

 Email: Abeer.abadi@wise.edu.jo

Email: Nedal.Khaled@wise.edu.jo

Wissam Khabashna ^A, Mutia Sobihah Binti Abd Halim ^B, Ghaith Abdulraheem Ali Alsheikh ^C

 ^A School of Management Sciences, Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia, email: wissamf_gh@yahoo.com

^B School of Management Sciences, Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia, email: mutiasobihah@unisza.edu.my.

^c Human Resources Department, Faculty of Business, Amman Arab University, Jordan, email: ghaith88@aau.edu.jo.

Khaldoon Mohammad Khammash and Radzuwan Ab. Rashid

 Faculty of Languages and Communication, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia

 Eman Iyad Abdulrazaq Alnajem¹ and Radzuwan Ab. Rashid ²

 ^1,2 Faculty of Languages and Communication, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia

N.S. Ismail^1*, NM Abu Bakar², AJA Tajuddin³, TFTA Kamil and Z Jusoh⁴

 ¹ Faculty of Languages and Communication, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia

 ²Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia

 ³Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia

 ⁴Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia

 *Corresponding author: nursalina@unisza.edu.my

Dr. Emad El Din Zaghoul¹ and Dr. Fawz Suhal Nazzal²

 ¹ Founder and Director of the Peace Land Center for Development and Human Rights, Jordan

² Dr. Fawz Suhal Nazzal, The University of Jordan, Jordan

Nor Azliana Akmal Jamaludin, Mohd Taufik Jusoh, Najjah Salwa Abd Razak¹, & Ruzanna Mat Jusoh

¹National Defence University of Malaysia, Malaysia, Corresponding author: najjah@upnm.edu.my

Nur Shahidatul Munirah Mohamad Shadi, , Long Chiau Ming, Hui Poh Goh, Nurolaini Kifli*

PAP Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darus-salam, Brunei Darussalam

NSMMS: 19b3062@ubd.edu.bn; S.M.: saeedmo-mo@hotmail.com; LCM: long.ming@ubd.edu.bn; HPG: pohhui.goh@ubd.edu.bn

*Correspondence: E-mail: nurolaini.kifli@ubd.edu.bn

Ahmad Anas Nagoor Gunny^{1,2 *}, Nurul Aina Maiza Mohd Hussain¹, Zulkarnain Mohamed Idris^1, Safa Senan Mahmod^1,2, Ku Syahidah Ku Ismail^1,2, Md Nabil A Adzim Saifuddin^1,2 and Norhidayah Bohari

 ¹ Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, UniMAP, Malaysia

² Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, UniMAP, Malaysia.

³FGV Innovation Centre(Beneficial Microbes)  PT35377, Lengkuk Teknologi, Malaysia

*Corresponding author: ahmadanas@unimap.edu.my

Muhammad Rusydi Baharudin¹ , Amin Rukaini Mustafa^1,2,* , Eg Hua Han¹ , Beh Wei Yuan¹

 ¹Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia

²Center of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia.

* Corresponding author’s email: aminrukaini@unimap.edu.my

Rafizah Rahamathullah^1,2*, Nadia Izzati Misran¹, Chong Ke Wei¹, Siti khalijah Mahmad Rozi^1,2, Wan M. Khairul²

 ¹Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia

²Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia

³Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia.

 *Corresponding author: fizah@unimap.edu.my

Safa Senan Mahmod^1,2*, Maha Mohammad Al-Rajabi³, Ahmad Anas Nagoor Gunny^1,2, Peer Mohamed Abdul^4,5,6 and Mohd Sobri Takriff^4,7

 ¹ Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia

² Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia.

³ Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, UAE

⁴ Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia

⁵ UKM-YSD Chair for Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia

⁶ Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia

⁷ Department of Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, UAE

Hafiza Shukor^1,2*, G Malini¹, J Yogarani¹, and Midat Nabil Salimi¹

 ¹Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, University Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia

^2*Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia

^*Corresponding author: hafizashukor@unimap.edu.my

Hui Lin Ong , Md Asadul Islam, Nur Atirah Afifah Sezali

 Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia

Rana Salah Imarh¹, Ali. Z. Ghazi Zahid², Aqeel. G. Al-Jabri³

 ¹Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia

²Computer Technique Engineering Department, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Iraq

³Computer Technique Engineering Department, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Iraq

Alina Rahayu Mohamed¹,^* Dayang Farihah Abg Japar¹ and Razi Ahmad²

¹Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization (CoEBU), Universiti Malaysia Perlis UniMAP, Malaysia

¹Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis UniMAP, Malaysia

²Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis UniMAP, Malaysia

^* Corresponding author: alina@unimap.edu.my

Mohammad Farizshah Ismail Kamil^1*, Nor Azliana Akmal Jamaludin¹, Mohd Rizal Mohd Isa¹

 ¹Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia

*Correspondence author: farizgaskin@gmail.com

 Bashir M. Jarrar

School of Applied Medical Sciences, Jerash University, Jordan

Umi Fazara Md Ali

 Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, and Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization (COEBU), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia, email: umifazara@unimap.edu.my

Nuur Alifah Roslan¹, Noris Mohd Norowi ², Ramlan Mahmod ³

 ¹Multimedia Universiti, Malaysia, nuuralifah@upm.edu.my

²Multimedia Universiti, Malaysia, noris@upm.edu.my

³Kolej Universiti Poly-Tech MARA, Malaysia, ramlan@kuptm.edu.my

Osama Ala’yed

Department of Mathematics, Jadara University, Jordan, Alayedo@yahoo.com; Alayedo@jadara.edu.jo